Difficult Passages · Accounts of the Same Event

Did Joshua return to Gilgal before Makkedah?

Verse 15 closes the account of the day of Gibeon with where the campaign ended; verse 43 says it again at its place.

The Passages

Joshua 10:15
15 And Joshua returned, and all Israel with him, unto the camp to Gilgal.
Joshua 10:43
43 And Joshua returned, and all Israel with him, unto the camp to Gilgal.

See Also

Joshua 10:16-21
16 But these five kings fled, and hid themselves in a cave at Makkedah. 17 And it was told Joshua, saying, The five kings are found hid in a cave at Makkedah. 18 And Joshua said, Roll great stones upon the mouth of the cave, and set men by it for to keep them: 19 And stay ye not, but pursue after your enemies, and smite the hindmost of them; suffer them not to enter into their cities: for the LORD your God hath delivered them into your hand. 20 And it came to pass, when Joshua and the children of Israel had made an end of slaying them with a very great slaughter, till they were consumed, that the rest which remained of them entered into fenced cities. 21 And all the people returned to the camp to Joshua at Makkedah in peace: none moved his tongue against any of the children of Israel.
1 Samuel 17:54
54 And David took the head of the Philistine, and brought it to Jerusalem; but he put his armour in his tent.

The Difficulty

After the battle at Gibeon and the sun standing still, “Joshua returned, and all Israel with him, unto the camp to Gilgal” (Joshua 10:15). But the next verses tell of the five kings hidden in the cave at Makkedah, and “all the people returned to the camp to Joshua at Makkedah in peace” (10:21), and then of the taking of the cities of the south; only after these, in the same words, “Joshua returned, and all Israel with him, unto the camp to Gilgal” (10:43). The Septuagint leaves out verse 15; the KJV keeps it, as the Hebrew has it.

The Answer

Preferred: Verse 15 closes the account of the day at Gibeon by telling where Joshua and Israel came at last, and verse 16 goes back to take up the five kings. Verse 43 says it again in its place, after the cities taken, “though the same is said, ver. 15. before the history of those facts” (Gill). Scripture often tells the end of a matter before its middle: David “took the head of the Philistine, and brought it to Jerusalem” (1 Samuel 17:54), though Jerusalem was taken years later.

Also given: Gill’s first answer: Joshua purposed to return to Gilgal, and made ready to, but was stayed by the news of the kings hidden at Makkedah. And Haley gives the view of several writers that verses 12 to 15 are all the quotation from the book of Jasher, whose account of the campaign ended with the return.

Sources

  1. That is, he thought to have returned, had determined upon it, and prepared for it, but was prevented by hearing that the five kings had hid themselves in a cave at Makkedah
    Checked against: Internet Archive scan of the first edition, 2026-10-28
  2. After all these kings and their cities had been taken by him, and not before; though the same is said, v. 15. before the history of those facts
    Checked against: Internet Archive scan of the first edition, 2026-10-28
  3. Davidson, Espin, Hengstenberg, Keil, and others take the fifteenth verse as a part of the quotation from the “book of Jasher,” — the citation beginning with the twelfth, and ending with the fifteenth verse. The return to the temporary camp at Makkedah preceded that to Gilgal.
    Checked against: Internet Archive scan of the 1874 edition, 2026-10-28